SpringTesting （二） Spring TestContext Framework

Spring TestContext Framework

TODO 设计原理和实现

TestContextManager ： Spring TestContext Framework的主入口，管理单例的TestContext和所有注册的TestExecutionListeners。
TestContext
TestExecutionListener
ContextLoader

Context management

每个TestContext提供 context 管理， 测试实例无权配置ApplicationContext， 实例仅能获得一个ApplicationContext的引用。特别的是AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests和AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests实现了ApplicationContextAware而且有权修改ApplicationContext。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration
public class MyTest {

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    // class body...
}
  
  
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration
public class MyWebAppTest {
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    // class body...
}

注入mocks

@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration
public class WacTests {

    @Autowired
    WebApplicationContext wac; // cached

    @Autowired
    MockServletContext servletContext; // cached

    @Autowired
    MockHttpSession session;

    @Autowired
    MockHttpServletRequest request;

    @Autowired
    MockHttpServletResponse response;

    @Autowired
    ServletWebRequest webRequest;

    //...
}

执行SQL scripts

• 代码
  下列都可以用来执行
  org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptUtils
  org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ResourceDatabasePopulator
  org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests
  org.springframework.test.context.testng.AbstractTransactionalTestNGSpringContextTests

  @Test
  public void databaseTest {
      ResourceDatabasePopulator populator = new ResourceDatabasePopulator();
      populator.addScripts(
          new ClassPathResource("test-schema.sql"),
          new ClassPathResource("test-data.sql"));
      populator.setSeparator("@@");
      populator.execute(this.dataSource);
      // execute code that uses the test schema and data
  }

• @Sql

  //1
  @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
  @ContextConfiguration
  @Sql("/test-schema.sql")
  public class DatabaseTests {
  
      @Test
      public void emptySchemaTest {
          // execute code that uses the test schema without any test data
      }
  
      @Test
      @Sql({"/test-schema.sql", "/test-user-data.sql"})
      public void userTest {
          // execute code that uses the test schema and test data
      }
  }
    
    
  
  //1
  @Test
  @Sql(scripts = "/test-schema.sql", config = @SqlConfig(commentPrefix = "`"))
  @Sql("/test-user-data.sql")
  public void userTest {
      // execute code that uses the test schema and test data
  }
    
    
  //3
  @Test
  @SqlGroup({
      @Sql(scripts = "/test-schema.sql", config = @SqlConfig(commentPrefix = "`")),
      @Sql("/test-user-data.sql")
  )}
  public void userTest {
      // execute code that uses the test schema and test data
  }
    
    
  //4
  @Test
  @Sql(
      scripts = "create-test-data.sql",
      config = @SqlConfig(transactionMode = ISOLATED)
  )
  @Sql(
      scripts = "delete-test-data.sql",
      config = @SqlConfig(transactionMode = ISOLATED),
      executionPhase = AFTER_TEST_METHOD
  )
  public void userTest {
      // execute code that needs the test data to be committed
      // to the database outside of the test's transaction
  }

TestContext Framework支持类

Spring JUnit Runner

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@TestExecutionListeners({})
public class SimpleTest {

   @Test
   public void testMethod() {
      // execute test logic...
   }
}

如果要使用MockitoJUnitRunner等第三方runners， 可以使用Spring JUnit Rules。

Spring JUnit Rules

// Optionally specify a non-Spring Runner via @RunWith(...)
@ContextConfiguration
public class IntegrationTest {

   @ClassRule
   public static final SpringClassRule SPRING_CLASS_RULE = new SpringClassRule();

   @Rule
   public final SpringMethodRule springMethodRule = new SpringMethodRule();

   @Test
   public void testMethod() {
      // execute test logic...
   }
}